δ-Valerolactone is a compound commonly used to synthesize copolyesters by means of lipase-catalyzed ring-opening polymerization.

N-(beta-ketocaproyl)-L-Homoserine lactone is a component of quorum regulatory sensing and an autoinducer of P. fischeri luciferase.

Inhibitor of protein kinase C (PKC) ζ; attached to cell permeabilisation Antennapedia domain vector peptide. Consists of amino acids 113 - 129 of PKC ζ pseudosubstrate domain linked by a disulphide bridge to the Antennapedia domain vector peptide. The Antennapedia peptide is actively taken up by intact cells, at 4 or 37°C, ensuring rapid and effective uptake of the inhibitor peptide. Once inside the cell, the disulphide bonds are subjected to reduction in the cytoplasm leading to release of the inhibitor peptide. Induces mast cell degranulation by a PKC ζ-independent pathway.